Varicose veins of the lower limbs, which is also called varicose veins, manifests itself as the expansion of the surface veins of the legs, which accompanies the altered blood flow and the failure of the valves.
With the varicose veins of the legs of the legs, the expansion of the walls of the veins of a bag -shaped type are formed.In this state, there is an increase in the length of the veins, their serpentine beliefs,
Valve deficiency.Currently, varicose veins are very common: about 17-25 % of people are observed.
At a young age, before puberty, this disorder develops in the representatives of both sexes with the same frequency.However, in women in adulthood, varicose veins are observed twice more often than in men.A similar picture can be explained by significant hormonal changes during the occurrence of menstruation during gestation.Consequently, the tone of the veins is weakened, a violation of the circulation of venous blood are expanded and occurs.
The causes of the varicose veins of the legs
Today, experts tend to support many theories that indicate because varicose veins are developing on the legs.But, however, speaking of the main reason for this disorder, it should be noted Violation of the veins of the valve apparatus.As a result, the valves make it difficult to move the blood in the opposite direction.Therefore, only the blood flow towards the heart occurs completely.The function of the insufficient valve of the veins may appear due to thrombosis, failure of congenital valves, weakness of the walls of the veins and other causes.
With valves of insufficient veins in a person who has risen standing, the blood is directed under the influence of gravity.When walking, the muscles of the lower trees surrounding the deep veins are reduced.Consequently, the veins are devastated and an increase arises venous pressure.Consequently, the blood enters the surface veins, stretch and manifest itself varicose veins.
There are also a series of factors that directly influence the progression of varicose veins.In women, varicose veins often develop accordingly pregnancy.During this period, the volume of blood increases significantly in the female body.The growing uterus is very pressed on the veins from the legs.In addition, in the pregnancy process, the hormonal renovation of the body affects the condition of the veins.In many cases, varicose veins during pregnancy are reversible, that is, after childbirth, it gradually disappears.
Very often, the varicose veins of the lower ends are manifested in people who are forced to stay in the trial for a long time.Another risk factor for varicose veins is obesity: Open people have increased the intra -abdominal pressure and, consequently, the expansion of the veins.
Often the veins are also expanded in people who are inclined to regularly stray.This happens to Chronic constipation, cough, prostate adenoma and other conditions.Varicose veins can sometimes become a consequence of surgical operations on the legs.
Another factor predisposing to varicose veins is the age of a person.As a rule, over time the aging of valves and walls of the veins occurs.As a result, elasticity is lost and the veins are elongated.
Varicose veins often occur in patients suffering Deep Vene Thrombosishaving Congenital anomalies of the blood vessels.
Given the factors that have directly influenced the development of the disease, it is customary to distinguish between Primary AND secondary Varicose veins.
Symptoms of the development of varicose veins of the veins
First of all, the visible symptoms of the varicose veins on the legs are the occurrence of a network of thin veins on the surface of the skin of the legs.These manifestations arise mainly in the thigh area.Such a varicose grill is easier to consider in people who suffer cellulite.Sometimes it is cellulite that becomes a kind of omen of varicose veins.Often, fatty deposits for cellulite are squeezed with venous vessels and, consequently, the blood flow is complicated and varicose veins occur.
The capillary networks on the legs that appear at the beginning of the varicose veins are called Telegioectasias.However, it should be noted that these external events can be signs of varicose veins and a manifestation of a temporary inflammatory process.
In some cases, the swelling on the legs indicates the beginning of the varicose veins.However, such a sign can be a symptom and other diseases (heart failure, Urolitiasis of kidney disease).Therefore, in this case, it is impossible to clearly speak of the development of varicose veins until diagnosis is established.
The symptom of varicose veins often also becomes a manifestation of pain in the legs.The pain can be acute and also have signs shots.Very often, with varicose veins, pain in calves is manifested.It occurs mainly in the afternoon, after a certain load on the legs.
Therefore, a person who observes the appearance of a capillary grid, the periodic manifestations of pain and edema should consult a doctor and undergo the necessary studies.
Often varicose veins give the patient a certain cosmetic discomfort.But in addition to this, it can show a feeling of strong heaviness in the legs, at night it can occur Convulsions, on the legs they manifest themselves gradually Trophic changes.
Visually varicose disease can manifest itself with "stars" not particularly evident of small vessels and very large nodes and plexuses, which are particularly distinguished when the patient is in a vertical position.
If the palpation of the veins are carried out, their elastic elastic consistency is determined, they easily compress.The door above the nodes of the varicose veins can have a higher temperature than the rest of the areas.If a person takes a horizontal position, the voltage of the veins attenuates and the nodes become less pronounced.
If, with the development of the disease, a person does not think about how to treat varicose veins, the disease progresses and gradually the feeling of rapid fatigue, the constant severity of the legs and the feeling of swelling in their tissues are united and convulsions can sometimes manifest themselves.If the swelling appears, then they disappear after a long rest at night.
Diagnosis of varicose veins of the veins
The diagnosis of this disease is relatively easy.The specialist must conduct an exam and a patient survey, study an anamnesis.In the process of further studies, the state of the valves of the main and communicating veins is determined and the level of patency of the deep veins is assessed.There are numerous samples that allow you to evaluate the state of the veins and the degree of development of the disease.
If the patient has a simple varicose disease, in most cases instrumental diagnostic methods are not used.
Treatment of varicose veins of the legs
The conservative treatment of varicose veins is mainly prescribed for those people who have clear contraindications for surgery.
In addition, this treatment is indicated in the presence of a patient with a slight expansion of the veins, which is an exclusively cosmetic defect.The purpose of conservative therapy is also a prevention of a further progression of this disorder.For this purpose, patients are recommended to use the binting of the legs affected by varicose veins, an elastic bandage.In addition, the compression knitwear for varicose veins is indicated.People who have a tendency to varicose veins or are already sick of this disorder should regularly put their legs for the elevation during the day, thus resting for several minutes.There are also special exercises for the lower part of the leg and the feet aimed at activating the muscle pump.These are periodic extension and flexion in the ankle and knee joints.
The patient must make sure that it is not allowed to tighten the lower part of the leg and the hips with different bathroom objects, as this can significantly complicate the current of venous blood.
Using elastic compression, it is possible to activate blood flow in the deep veins, prevent edema, reduce the amount of blood in the subcutaneous veins, promote the metabolic processes of the body and the microcirculation of the blood.
But in order to obtain positive results, it is important to ban the leg correctly.This process must be done in the morning without arising from the bed.Binting starts from the hip fingers, while a small blindfold voltage should be heard.In the bandage process, it is necessary to capture the heel and the joint of the ankle.The bandage on each lap around the limb must cover half of the previous tour.A single certified elastic bandage and compression knitwear should be purchased.
The treatment of varicose veins also implies the use of comfortable shoes, in which there should be a low heel and a hard sole.You shouldn't support for a long time, allow physical tension, stay in the rooms with high temperature and humidity for a long time for a long time.In a dream, it is advisable to keep your legs in a high position.
Patients must limit the use of fluids and salt, try to get rid of Excess weight.For the treatment of varicose veins, it is periodically necessary to take drugs, agents that improve the tone of the veins.In addition, if there are indications, the patient can prescribe drugs that stimulate microcirculation in the tissues.The therapy of varicose veins can also include the intake of non -system anti -inflammatory drugs.
If the patient has a simple form of illness, he is shown classes of physiotherapy exercises.Swimming, other water procedures, legs for the legs with hot water, in which the 5-10 % solution of sodium hall of hydrochloric acid are added.
Very often, in the treatment of varicose veins, local therapy methods are used.But this treatment should be used in combination with other drug methods.Local products of varicose veins are produced in the form of gel, ointments, creams.Most of these drugs have a Glycosaminoglyance or Veneactive components containing sulfur sulfur.The ointments with varicose veins contribute to the normalization of the tone of the walls of the veins, can regulate the lymphatic flow and the altered microcirculation.In separated local drugs, there are several active components.
If, in the process of varicose veins, a secondary infection occurs, it is advisable to use external agents with antibiotics OR antiseptic.
Since ancient times, the treatment has been used for treatment Hirudotherapywith varicose veins.The use of leeches that secrete the anticoagulants contained in the salivary glands allows you to dilute the blood, helps to resolveShots, get rid of vascular stars and varicose nodes.In addition, the hirudotherapy for varicose veins reduces leg pain, overcoming swelling.However, Irudotherapy is important to be used already in the early stages of varicose veins.This treatment should not be used for people with haemophilia, anemia, hypotension, pregnant women.
However, the radical method for varicose veins therapy is surgical surgery.It is carried out to eliminate venous venous refluxs.This operation is not performed in the presence of concomitant diseases of the lungs, the cardiovascular system, the kidneys, the liver.You cannot perform this operation for pregnant women, as well as people who suffer from purulent diseases.Modern technologies allow an endoscopic technique to conduct this operation.
If one person has only small branches, the use of sclerotherapy is allowed.This operation implies the introduction of a sclerosing solution to attack the walls of the vein in a vein.Subsequently, the veins perform repeated injections in other segments, reaching full prison.
With varicose veins, combined operating therapy is also used, in which large trunks of altered veins and sclerotherapy of small branches are removed.After surgery, patients are recommended to continue to wear an elastic bandage for 8-12 weeks.
Treatment of varicose veins of the legs with folk methods
In addition to the standard treatment methods, the recipes for traditional medicine, which have long been used to treat varicose veins, have a good effect.The treatment of varicose veins by popular remedies can be practiced in parallel with traditional therapy.
With varicose veins, a good effect involves the use of a massage shower.This massage can be performed in the daily shower acceptance process.The water jets should simply be directed to those areas where the manifestations of the varicose veins are visible.The massage begins with hot jets, but over time the water should become colder.You can also use a contrasting massage, alternating hot and cold water.It is important that such a massage ends with cold jets.If the massage is produced correctly, the areas of the skin that have been blushed.After such a massage, you should grind your legs and apply a therapeutic ointment or a gel on them.
With varicose veins, it is also recommended to perform therapeutic bathrooms for the legs of herb decoctions.These bathrooms should not be hot.A good effect is given in the morning of a bluster bathroom, birch leaves, nettle.To prepare this infusion, you should take a teaspoon of crushed herbs and pour a liter of boiling water.The infusion should resist for several hours.The bathroom lasts about 29 minutes.To increase the tone of the blood vessels, the use of the same bathroom from the infusion of nets of net, chamomile, lemon balm and oregano is effective.
Prevention of varicose veins of the legs
The prevention of varicose veins includes a series of measures aimed at preventing the signs of the disease.It is useful for each person to periodically keep the legs raised, take breaks during the session work and not wear underwear that is experimenting.A good method for the prevention of varicose veins will be a contrast shower, the inclusion in the diet of the products beneficial for blood perform some physical exercises.In the first signs of varicose veins, consult a doctor to prevent the progression of the disease.
Complications of the varicose veins of the legs
Very often, as a complication of varicose disease, it manifests itself Acute thrombophlebitis of the surface veins.Sometimes, due to the damage, a varicose node and bleeding occur.With the excess of blood from the knot that broke out, a very significant blood loss is possible.
In addition, due to the greater pressure in the veins system, the arterial blood flow is slowed down.For this reason, it can develop Hypoxia And the next Hunger for oxygen.Due to the development of this state, tissue tissue can die, which is a dangerous process for the body.Due to the pronounced stagnation of the blood in the veins, the toxins in the tissues accumulate.
The complications of this disorder are also blocking the thrombus of the blood vessels, a violation of the nutrition of the tissue of the legs, the appearance of pigmentation and the darkening of the skin.
Gradually becomes a more dense layer of subcutaneous fat dermatitis, Venous trophic ulcers.In very rare cases, there is a degeneration of such ulcers in evil formations.
If the disease continues for a long period, then a person can subsequently develop Chronic venous deficiency.
But the most dangerous complication of varicose disease is thromboembolism of the lung artery.This disease is full of death.